How to use inorganic non-metallic materials such as talcum powder to improve the heat resistance of plastics?
Talc is made by crushing and refining talc ore. Its main component is hydrated magnesium silicate, and its chemical formula is 3MgO•4SiO2•H2O. Talc has good chemical stability, strong acid and alkali resistance, and good electrical insulation and heat resistance.
General polymer materials change some physical properties of the material at high temperatures due to the intensified molecular movement, the most obvious of which is elasticity. The most common way to improve the heat resistance of polymer materials is to inhibit molecular movement. First, let the molecular model of the polymer form a three-vertebra structure to form a mesh, thereby inhibiting molecular movement; second, add aromatic rings and alicyclic structures that are difficult to move into the molecular structure; third, add polar groups into the polymer, thereby relying on the binding force of hydrogen and oxygen chains to inhibit the molecular structure; fourth, introduce crystal structures into the polymer structure for heat resistance modification, using heat-resistant modifiers.
Among all fillers, except organic materials, most inorganic mineral fillers can significantly improve the heat resistance temperature of plastics. Commonly used heat-resistant fillers include: calcium carbonate, talcum powder, wollastonite, mica, calcined clay, bauxite and asbestos, etc., and the smaller the particle size of the filler, the better the modification effect.
The effect of improving the heat resistance of plastics by reinforcing modification is better than filling, but the cost is very high. Commonly used heat-resistant fibers are: asbestos fiber, glass fiber, carbon fiber, whisker. Among all the solutions to improve the heat resistance of plastics, talcum powder is obviously the most cost-effective. The above is the relevant content about the heat resistance of talcum powder in plastics. If it is not explained in place, everyone is welcome to supplement it!